afford

EN
verb

🇺🇸

/əˈfɔːrd/

🇺🇸

/əˈfɔːrd/

🇬🇧

/əˈfɔːrd/

🇬🇧

/əˈfɔːrd/

Word Forms

Past Tense

afforded

Past Participle

afforded

Gerund

affording

3rd Person

affords

Description

Afford means to have enough money, time, energy, or other resources to do or get something — it’s about having the capacity to bear the cost or effort. Think of it like your personal resource meter: if it’s full enough, you can 'afford' that concert ticket, that extra hour of sleep, or even the emotional energy to apologize.

Examples

We can't afford to buy a new car right now.

She afforded herself a quiet weekend away from work.

Many students struggle to afford tuition fees.

The company can't afford to ignore cybersecurity threats.

He didn't afford himself the luxury of doubt before making the decision.

Root

ford

Comes from Old English 'ford', meaning 'to cross (a river)' or 'to pass through'. In Proto-Germanic *furþan, it evolved to signify 'to bear, carry, or sustain' — later broadening to 'to bear the cost or burden of something'. Though 'afford' itself is not directly from Latin, its semantic development reflects Germanic roots tied to endurance and capacity. Examples include ford (the noun/verb), afford, and the archaic 'forth' (as in 'to bring forth'). Core meaning: 'to bear, sustain, or manage to undergo'.